The old factories were reconstructed and new large factories were built, including giant machine-building and metal processing plants. In , the construction of the future flagship of Soviet engineering Uralmash was completed. The population of Sverdlovsk grew by more than 3 times, and it became one of the fastest growing cities in the USSR.
By the end of the s, there were industrial enterprises, 25 research institutes, 12 higher educational institutions in Sverdlovsk. In , the population of the city was about , people. In total, more than , residents of the city joined the Red Army. Sverdlovsk became the largest evacuation point, more than 50 large and medium enterprises from the western regions of Russia and Ukraine were evacuated here.
During the war years, industrial production in Sverdlovsk grew 7 times. After the war, this city became the largest center for engineering and metalworking in Russia.
During the Cold War, Sverdlovsk, as a key center of the defense industry, was practically closed to foreigners. On January 23, , a millionth resident was born in the city and Sverdlovsk became one of the first Russian cities with a population of more than 1 million people.
In , Sverdlovsk was included in the list of historical cities of Russia. On October 4, , a serious accident occurred at the Sverdlovsk railway station. The train carrying almost tons of explosives rolled downhill and crashed into a coal freight train. An explosion occurred, aggravated by the proximity of a large warehouse of fuels and lubricants. The funnel at the site of the explosion had a diameter of meters and a depth of 8 meters, the shock wave spread kilometers.
The explosion killed 4 people at the station and injured more than people. About houses were severely damaged. The population of the city was about 1,, people. The restrictions on foreign visitors to the city were also lifted, and soon the first consulate general was opened here - the United States of America in The transition to a market economy led to a reduction in production at industrial enterprises, inert giant plant found themselves in a particularly difficult situation.
In , the construction of the television tower was stopped. The city was flooded with chaotic small retail trade in temporary pavilions and markets. The economic situation began to improve by the end of the s. In , the Koltsovo Airport was reconstructed. On March 24, , the abandoned unfinished television tower was dismantled. It was the tallest building in the city almost meters and became one of the symbols of Yekaterinburg.
Today, Yekaterinburg is the largest center of attraction not only of Sverdlovsk Oblast, but also of the surrounding regions. By some socio-economic indicators, this city ranks third in Russia, after Moscow and St. Yekaterinburg is located in the floodplain of the Iset River on the eastern slope of the Middle Urals in Asia, near its border with Europe, about 1, km east of Moscow. Since the Ural Mountains are very old, there are no significant hills in the city.
This relief was a favorable condition for the construction of the main transport routes from Central Russia to Siberia the Siberian Route and the Trans-Siberian Railway through Yekaterinburg. As a result, it has become one of the most strategically important centers of Russia, which still provides a link between the European and Asian parts of the country. Yekaterinburg is located in the border zone of temperate continental and continental climates. It is characterized by a sharp variability in weather conditions with well-defined seasons.
The Ural Mountains, despite their low height, block the way to the masses of air coming from the west from the European part of Russia. As a result, the Middle Urals is open to the invasion of cold Arctic air and continental air of the West Siberian Plain. At the same time, warm air masses of the Caspian Sea and the deserts of Central Asia can freely enter this territory from the south.
That is why the city is characterized by sharp temperature fluctuations and the formation of weather anomalies: in winter from severe frosts to thaws and rains, in summer from heat above plus 35 degrees Celsius to frosts. The average temperature in January is minus The city has a rather unfavorable environmental situation due to air pollution.
In , Yekaterinburg was included in the list of Russian cities with the worst environmental situation by this indicator. Yekaterinburg ranks third in Russia after Moscow and St.
Petersburg in the number of diplomatic missions, while their consular districts extend far beyond Sverdlovsk Oblast, and serve other regions of the Urals, Siberia, and the Volga region. In terms of economy, Yekaterinburg also ranks third in the country. It is one of the largest financial and business centers of Russia. The main branches of production: metallurgical production and metalworking, food production, production of electrical equipment, electronic and optical equipment, production of vehicles, production of machinery and equipment, chemical production.
Almost all types of urban public transport are presented in Yekaterinburg: buses, trolleybuses, trams, subways, taxis. The location of Yekaterinburg in the central part of the region allows you to get from it to any major city of the Urals in hours.
Yekaterinburg has an extensive scientific and technical potential, it is one of the largest scientific centers in Russia. The Presidium and about 20 institutes of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 66 research institutes, and about 30 universities are located here. This city is a relatively large tourist center.
A significant part of tourists visit it to honor the memory of the last Russian emperor and his family killed by the Bolsheviks in the basement of the Ipatiev House in There are about 50 different museums in Yekaterinburg.
In total, there are over historical and cultural monuments in the city, of which 43 are objects of federal significance. Sevastyanov House - a palace of the first quarter of the 19th century built in the architectural styles of pseudo-Gothic, Neo-Baroque, and Moorish traditions and painted in green, white, and red tones.
Today, it is the most beautiful building in Yekaterinburg and one of its symbols. The house stands on the promenade of the Iset River, very close to the city dam. Lenina Avenue, From an architectural point of view, it is an ordinary bridge. However, it is of particular importance for the residents of Yekaterinburg since the construction of the entire city started from this place. Today, this is the main place for festivities in Yekaterinburg.
Lenina Avenue. From here you can enjoy the views of all of Yekaterinburg. On the second and third floors of this skyscraper there is the memorial museum of Vladimir Vysotsky - a singer, songwriter, and actor who had an immense effect on Soviet culture.
Malysheva Street, One of its parts from Kuibysheva Street to Lenina Avenue is a pedestrian street. This is one of the oldest streets in Yekaterinburg laid in the middle of the 18th century.
Along it, you can see merchant mansions, shops, administrative buildings, most of which were built in the late 19th and first half of the 20th centuries. Rastorguev-Kharitonov Palace - one of the most valuable architectural manor and park ensembles in Yekaterinburg, an architectural monument of federal significance built in the classical style and located in the city center.
Karla Libknekhta Street, Church of the Ascension - one of the oldest churches in Yekaterinburg located next to the Rastorguev-Kharitonov Palace. This beautiful building combines the features of baroque, pseudo-Russian style, and classicism. Klary Tsetkin Street, Yeltsin Center - a cultural and educational center dedicated to the contemporary history of Russia, as well as the personality of its first president, Boris Yeltsin.
The museum dedicated to his life is one of the best museums in Russia. Borisa Yeltsina Street, 3. Yekaterinburg Museum of Fine Arts - the largest art museum in the Urals housed in two buildings. The following collections can also be found here: Russian paintings of the 18th - early 20th centuries, Russian avant-garde of , Russian porcelain and glass of the 18th - 20th centuries, Russian icon painting of the 16thth centuries, Western European art of the 14thth centuries, stone-carving and jewelry art of the Urals, Zlatoust decorated weapons and steel engraving.
Voevodina Street, 5; Vaynera Street, A unique collection of this museum consists of gem minerals, works of jewelers and stone-cutters of the Urals, and products created at the Ural lapidary factory. The museum has Malachite and Bazhov halls, the Emerald Room, and several exhibition galleries where visitors can see works made of colored stone and metal created by local artists.
Sverdlovsk Regional Museum of Local Lore. At first, its collection consisted of four departments: mineralogical, botanical, zoological, and paleontological. Later, numismatic, ethnographic, and anthropological sections were added. Today, there are more than thousand exhibits here. This church is a magnificent testimony of Russian architecture and also a historical place that served as a place of pilgrimage in memory of the executed Romanovs. The city was founded by the first Russian emperor and is the place where he was exiled after the Russian Revolution and spent his last days.
This is probably the most important place in the history of the city and one of its most famous landmarks. The Church of the Blood Cathedral was built on the site of the execution of the Bolsheviks, and it is marked as a place of mourning for the murdered and victims of Stalin's crimes. Along with other Permian cities, Yekaterinburg became a key city in the endless wealth of Siberia. Sverdlovsk became the largest evacuation area, with more than 1.
St Petersburg is Russia's window to Europe, but in this window you look out over Asia, with the city of St Petersburg in the centre. Founded in , Yekaterinburg is a key city that keeps curious visitors busy with its rich cultural heritage and history. Its location on the border between Europe and Asia led to the city developing culinary creations that incorporated the best of Russian and Uzbek cuisine.
At the same time, it has brought us closer to the fascinating and immense country we call Russia. As a result, it has become one of the most popular tourist destinations in Russia and still offers connections to both the European and Asian parts of our country. On the one hand, the Encyclopaedia Britannica describes Russia as a vast region stretching from the Urals in the west to the Pacific in the east.
Founded in and named after the wife of Peter the Great, Yekaterinburg is considered a centre of the Urals and surrounding regions with rapid industrial development that strengthened Russia's military power. The first gold deposits were discovered in Russia in this region, which marked the beginning of a gold industry in our country. Successful construction and metal companies made the region a centre for the production of iron, copper, lead, zinc and other metals.
In the 18th and 19th centuries, it became the centre of its iron production as it expanded into the Far East and Central Asia. Today, Yekaterinburg is home to tall skyscrapers, stunning churches and a number of museums and museums of art and architecture. Koltsovo has a new airport, which is among the best in the country, there is an international airport with a capacity of 1.
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